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Ji Serdema Ortê virve Koçberkirina Kurdan

Ji Serdema Ortê virve Koçberkirina Kurdan
=KTML_Bold=Ji Serdema Ortê virve Koçberkirina Kurdan=KTML_End=
Siddik BOZARSLAN

Her çiqas di navbera Yavuz Sultan Selîmê Osmanî û Îdrîs-î Bitlîsîyê Kurd da peymanek di 1514 an da çêbûbû û li gora wê peymanê di şeran da kurdan esker didan Osmanîyan jî ev têr nedikir ku Osmanî kurdan ji cîuwarên wan nekin û bi demografîya civata wan neleyîzin. Wek Mamoste Cemal Temel wan koçkirinan rêz kirîye, ez dixwazim bi kurtî wan pêşkêşî we hêjayan bikim:
Di pêvajoya şerê ku di navbera Şah Îsmailê Sefewî û Yavuz Sultan Selimê Osmanî da di 1514 an da çêbûbû, kurdan alîkarîya Osmanîyan kiribû; lê ji herêma ku diket navbera Musul û Îranê, Eşîreta Kurdên Şêxbizinî jibo herêmên Ankara- Konyayê û bi taybetî Haymanayê ku girêdayê Ankarê bûye, hatine şandin.
Di dawîya sedsala 16 an û despêka sedsala17 an da Şah Abbasê Îranî, hin civatên kurd jibo herêmên cuda yên Îranê belav kirîye. Di heman deman da Dewleta Osmanî jî hin kurdên Dêrsimê rêkirîye herêma Xorasanê ku dikeve bakurê Îranê. Koçberkirineke mezin jî di dawîya sedsala 18 an û despêka sedsala 19 an da pêk hatîye jibo Anatolîyê. Bi taybetî di dema serhildana Mîr Mihemed da ew koçberî zêde pêkhatîye. Ji herêmên Malatya û Adiyamanê Eşîreta Rişvan (Reşî) û Eşîretên Canbegî (Cihanbeyli) hatine şandin bo herêmên Konya û Ankarê ku berê jî Şêxbizinî jibo wir hatibûn şandin. Osmanîyan bi vî awayî jibo semedên cuda di sedsala 19 an da jî kurdan rêkirin bo herêmên Konya- Ankara û bi taybetî jibo herêma derdora Gola Xwey (Tuz Gölü). Wer dibe ku derdorên Gola Xwey bi hezaran cîuwarên kurdan çêdibin. Wek ku îro tên binavkirin li herêmên Haymana, Aksaray, Bala, Cihanbeyli, Kırşehirê, kulu, Polatlı û Şereflikoçhisarê, gelek gund û qesebe ji kurdan pêkhatine ku ew di seranserê sedsala 19.an da ji koçkirinê peyda bûne.
Di dema Şerê Cîhanî yê Yekem da jî ji herêmên Erzurum, Bitlîs û Wanê dora 700-800 hezar kurd hatine koçberkirin jibo Anatoliyê. Ji sisêyan diduyê wê nufûsê, ji ber nexweşî û şertên giran ên rêwîtîyê, di rîyan da mirine. Dora 300 hezarên ku gîhane Anatolîya Navîn; ji wê nufûsê jî gelek hindik kes vegerîyane cîyên xwe yên berê. Vekirîye ku van koçberîyên surgûnê jî di bin hukmê Cemîyeta Îttîhat Terakkiyê da pêkhatîye. Bi tabîreka dî ev politika koçberkirinê, dema padîşahên Osmanîyan despêkirîye, Tirkçîyên Îttihatê wê berdewam kirine û paşê jî Kemalistan heman politika domandine.
Di dema Serhildana Koçgiriyê ku rastê 1920-1921 an tê; bi hezaran Kurdên Elewî (Qizilbaş) ji Dêrsimê, Sêwasê û Erzinganê (Erzincan) hatine rêkirin bo Anatolîyê. Di Serhildana Şêx Seîd ya 1925 an da jî dîsa bi dehhezaran kurd hatine rêkirin bo Anatolîyê û hin ji wan jî derbasî binxetê (Başurêrojavayê Kurdistanê) bûne. Gelek ji wan di rîyan da jîyana xwe ji dest dane. Piştî bi salan paşê dema efû derdikeve, hin ji wan paşve vedigerin ser axa bavukalên xwe. Koçberkırıneke dî jî di dawiya Serhildana Agrîyê da di 1931an da pêktê jibo Anatolîyê. Bi tabîreka dî di navbera salên 1925-1931an da derdora sedhezar kurd jibo Anatolîyê tên rêkirin (surgûnkirin).
Heman politika di Berxwedana Dêrsimê da jî berdewam dike ku rastê 1937-1938an tê. Dîsa bi dehhezaran mirî û bi dehhezaran jî tên surgûnkirin. Ev politika qirkirin û surgûnê di pêvajoya şerê çekdarîyê yê PKK da jî bi awayeke cuda berdewam kir. Tê gotin ku di navbera 1987- 2005an da derdora 3 milyon kurd ji cîuwarên xwe bûne û koçê herêmên cuda yên Anatolîyê bûne. Ji ber encamên şerê PKK di navbera salên 1984-1990an da bi hezaran gundên kurdan hatine valakirin û şewitandin. (Celal Temel, 1. Dünya Savaşı Yıllarında 1916 Kürt Tehciri ve İttihat -Terakki´nın İskan ve Nüfus Politikaları (1913- 1918), İsmail Beşikçi Vakfı Y. 2019, s. 113-114, İst)
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[1] Website | Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû | https://portal.netewe.com/ - 02-06-2023
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Group: Articles
Articles language: Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû
Publication date: 27-07-2021 (3 Year)
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Language - Dialect: Kurdish - Kurmanji - Latin
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Added by ( ئاراس حسۆ ) on 02-06-2023
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